When Oliver Cowdery failed to translate the Book of Mormon, the Lord told him why he failed: “Behold, you have not understood; you have supposed that I would give it unto you when you took no thought save it was to ask me. But behold, I say unto you that you must study it out in your mind, then you must ask me if it be right, and if it is right, I will cause that your bosom shall burn within you; therefore, you shall feel that it is right.” T&C 1:JSH 13:26. That explanation for his failure has informed everything I have done when inquiring of the Lord. I do not go with an inquiry asking for the Lord to just fill in a blank. Instead I carefully, and sometimes painstakingly study a matter until I believe I have reached the right decision before making any inquiry expecting the Lord to answer. Some inquiries have required years of study. Sometimes it has taken months. It is rare indeed when the inquiry has been made with only a few days of pondering and reflecting.
It is more often than not I learn that my conclusion is incorrect, or incomplete, and the answer serves to correct and inform me. It is less often the case that I have reached a conclusion the Lord approves.
There is a statement from the Lord in the Answer to Prayer for Covenant I’ve been asked to explain many times by people wondering how this is to be accomplished. People want to learn the “Lord’s part” about a dispute. The full statement is this: “Study to learn how to respect your brothers and sisters and to come together by precept, reason, and persuasion, rather than sharply disputing and wrongly condemning each other, causing anger. Take care how you invoke my name. Mankind has been controlled by the adversary through anger and jealousy, which has led to bloodshed and the misery of many souls. Even strong disagreements should not provoke anger, nor to invoke my name in vain as if I had part in your every dispute. Pray together in humility and together meekly present your dispute to me, and if you are contrite before me, I will tell you my part.” T&C 157:54.
Here is how I understand the process required for anyone to learn the Lord’s part in a dispute:
First: “Study to learn how to respect your brothers and sisters and to come together by precept, reason, and persuasion,” This is more than learning you disagree with someone. The admonition to “study to learn” is a challenge. The challenge then requires the people who disagree to respectfully “come together” –a step that requires active participation and direct involvement. It is not accomplished by silence or refusing to participate. The words “come together” have built within them the challenge to meet and talk directly with differing sides.
But coming together is not where the preliminary assignment ends. When people come together they are then to use “precept, reason and persuasion” in a mutual, respectful presentation of their different sides. Each one owes the other some explanation for their viewpoint. The explanation requires precept (providing some scripture, moral, or ethical foundation for their idea), reason (expounding why they believe the precept requires their conclusion) and persuasion (presenting their explanation using practical, common sense and supporting thought to appeal to the other party).
Along the way, the parties are warned about the wrongs to be avoided: “sharply disputing and wrongly condemning each other, causing anger.” Parties must NOT sharply dispute; wrongly condemn each other, or insult the other party if they expect to learn the Lord’s part. Meaning that the exchange should give each side enough space to talk freely, and let the stream of conversation happen without animosity.
Then we are also warned to “take care how you invoke [the Lord’s] name” because nothing is perhaps more effective in ending an open discussion than asserting the Lord is on one person’s side. If you “know” that you are right because you got an answer to prayer, how can you possibly decide to be open to persuasion, reason and another unconsidered precept? Invoking the Lord’s name terminates the process. And the process is provided in order to let us successfully come together. This is so important a caution that it is then followed with these words: “Mankind has been controlled by the adversary through anger and jealousy, which has led to bloodshed and the misery of many souls. Even strong disagreements should not provoke anger, nor to invoke my name in vain as if I had part in your every dispute.” The Lord is actually distancing Himself from our vain, petty disagreements. He is warning us to not automatically include His part to vindicate ourselves and our uninformed opinions about serious matters. He even cautions us about the final outcome of these failures to come together in the past: Anger. Jealousy. Bloodshed. Misery. That path is to be avoided, and He has instructed us how to avoid it. Provided we will listen and apply His process.
If the process has been followed, and both sides understand each other, then each will know what precept justifies their view, and what precept justifies the other side’s preferred answer. Both sides will know how their view and the opposing view is supported by reasoning. Both sides will understand how persuasive their position is, or what weaknesses have been identified by the other viewpoint. And both sides will likewise understand fully the strength and weaknesses of the other side.
When you understand the other side’s precepts, reasoning and have listened to their persuasion, it is likely that both parties are finally ready to come together in humility. The Lord’s direction then assumes the parties have been humbled enough to recognize they may be wrong and the other side may be right. In that circumstance the parties are finally ready for the Lord to act. This is what the Lord promises after the groundwork has been fully prepared: “Pray together in humility and together meekly present your dispute to me, and if you are contrite before me, I will tell you my part.”
I haven’t yet heard of anyone qualifying to receive the Lord’s part. Quite the contrary, whenever I’ve been asked it has been by someone wanting to win an argument and hoping to provoke the Lord into taking their side. I doubt anyone will ever qualify to learn the Lord’s part so long as they behave as Oliver Cowdery and “take no thought” about what the Lord actually expects of us.